This is true, Darwin spent over 20 years developing his theory of natural selection
Mutation can be both beneficial and harmful.
A very common beneficial mutation is camouflage and natural selection. The organism will acquire the change and pass it on to their offspring.
A harmful mutation can be diseases or a common harmful mutation, Down syndrome. Which gives a person an extra chromosome.
From google- If you eat too much sugar your body's demand for insulin increases.Insulin is a hormone in which it helps the body turn food into usable energy.When levels of insulin are consistent ly high the body's sensitivity to hormone reduces in which then glucose will build up in blood.
Answer: The probability of having an offspring that is dwarf in size is zero.
Explanation: Since tall phenotype is dominant to dwarf phenotype, let T represent allele for tall and t represent allele for dwarf. A heterozygous pea plant will have Tt genotype while a homozygous tall pea plant will have a TT genotype. A cross between them will produce two homozygous tall pea plants (TT) and two heterozygous tall pea plant (Tt). They will not have any offspring having a dwarf size. Therefore, the probability of having a dwarf offspring is zero.
See the attached punnet square for more information