The organization is world trade organization
Critics often criticize the organization on putting much emphasis on business interests of members while foregoing the sustainable development debate, which calls for present generations to use resources in a way that does not jeopardize the ability of future generations to enjoy the same resources.
Bolivar was the man who liberated much of South America from European rule. This quote most likely means that he and the other rebels have seen the light of freedom due to their actions, and do not wish to return to the control of Europe. Bolivar wanted to bring independence to South America, as he saw the European rulers as oppressive.
Unhygienic conditions, dehydration, dysentery
Gaining control of Paris and forcing a change in the monarchy.