So first transcription takes place which is a RNA that translates DNA Template. So an example would be DNA has AGCGTCAATCTA this will be translated into UCGCAGUUAGAU
Then this message is send off to become a protein with the MRNA which then comes Translation which is the process of converting UCGCAGUUAGAU into a protein and the way it’s done is by this message going through a ribosome and gets translated by TRNA that brings amino acids together to form codons and create your protein.
Answer:
A. Lipid A
Explanation:
The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is present outside to the thin peptidoglycan layer. The outer membrane consists of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is the molecule having both carbohydrates and lipids.
The lipopolysaccharide has three parts out of which lipid A is the toxin one. Lipid A is embedded in the outer membrane through its fatty acids. When lipid A enters the blood stream of the host cell, it leads to septic shock. Lipid A is heat stable and highly toxic.
Answer:
plicae circulares and intestinal villi
Explanation:
The inner wall of the intestine is full of wrinkles, called villi. An enlargement of them under the microscope reveals that they are formed by cells whose surface has innumerable small "wrinkled" structures. The small intestine is the largest viscera of the body (about six meters). Intestinal villi and microvilli increase the area of contact with the intestine as well as the speed of absorption of food. Blood capillaries and lymph are in these villi to absorb nutrients.
The intestinal villi, have the function of increasing the absorption of nutrients after digestion. They are the folds of the intestines. The surface of the villi has an area of 12 cm² and the microvilli 240 cm².
Villi and microvilli increase the area of intestinal absorption by approximately 30 times and 600 times, respectively, providing exceptionally efficient absorption of nutrients in the lumen.
The entire small intestine has circular folds of mucosa, also called Kerckring valves and circular plicae. Most extend transversely around the small intestine cylinder for about half or two-thirds of its circumference, but some form complete circles, and some have a spiraling direction; The latter usually extend a little more than once around the bowel, but occasionally two or three times. Circular folds slow the passage of partially digested food along the intestines and provide an increased surface for absorption.
Answer:
- If individual III-1 marries an unaffected, non-carrier female, none of their children will have DMD
Explanation:
From the options, the only correct statements is that <em>If individual III-1 marries an unaffected, non-carrier female, none of their children will have DMD</em>
<u>DMD is an X-linked recessive trait, meaning that a male individual is either affected or unaffected (can never be a carrier). III-1 is unaffected and if he marries an unaffected, non-carrier female, it means that none of their children will have DMD.</u>
All the children of II-4 and II-5 will always come out with DMD because both parents are affected.
Individuals I-1 and II-1 are males. A male can never be a carrier in for X-linked traits. He is either affected or unaffected and as shown by the pedigree, both males are unaffected (unshaded).
Explanation:
cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system
