Answer: A solenoid is a long coil of wire wrapped in many turns. When a current passes through it, it creates a nearly uniform magnetic field inside.
* Solenoids can convert electric current to mechanical action, and so are very commonly used as switches.
* The magnetic field within a solenoid depends upon the current and density of turns.
* In order to estimate roughly the force with which a solenoid pulls on ferromagnetic rods placed near it, one can use the change in magnetic field energy as the rod is inserted into the solenoid. The force is roughly
change in magnetic field energy
force on rod = ---------------------------------------------------
distance rod moves into solenoid
* The energy density of the magnetic field depends on the strength of the field, squared, and also upon the magnetic permeability of the material it fills. Iron has a much, much larger permeability than a vacuum.
* Even small solenoids can exert forces of a few newtons.
=> AFFECTS OF STRENGTH OF SOLENOID:
There are many factors and I cannot go fully into them here.
* Materials, size and duty of the solenoid all affect the operation. A solenoid, as you know, is a coil with an element which moves as a result of power being applied and removed. A simple switch.
* Clearly the more windings you have for set conditions of voltage will generate a greater field strength. The windings excite a core and the material of that core has a significant effect.
* The moving element can easily be made to suit power transfer requirement.
* So you need to understand application and work backwards. There may even be a solid state solenoid which can do the same thing.
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Explanation:
