The scales or outer layer of an artichoke are called bracts
Cyanobacteria don't need oxygen to survive they produce oxygen. They where the first ever known organisms on the planet and they produced oxygen in the oceans which was absorbed by iron deposits and then once the iron had oxygen the ocean got the oxygen until it got into the atmosphere and Eukaryota bacteria evolved. So the answer would be: <span>They convert nitrates from the water into nitrogen gas (N2) that is released into the atmosphere.</span>
Answer:
eubacteria and archaebacteria