Question

The aggregate demand aggregate supply mode is quite useful tool for us to understand the economy. So far, we saw only one change at a time, however, in reality, there can be multiple shocks at the same time. The economy was in long run equilibrium. Assuming all else equal, world scientists collaborated to invent a vaccine for everyone to be safe from deadly virus, raising productivity. This makes consumers and businesses optimist about the economy. At the same time, commodity market, namely oil market is calm, maintaining a stable supply.
1. Given above scenario, what do you think will happen to the LRAS, SRAS and AD curves in each in short run?
2. And what would happen to price level and output in the economy?
3. What about in long run?

Answer 1

Answer:

Explained below

Explanation:

1) From the question, we can deduce that in the short run, there will likely be news of the discovery/invention of a super vaccine which will make the consumers and the businesses to be optimistic about the future of the economy. Therefore, this will in turn lead to an increase in consumption by consumers and thus also lead to an producers making an increase in investment.

2) From answer 1 above, since there is an increase in consumption as well as investment, this will in turn also lead to an increase in the aggregate demand of the economy. Whereas, we are told that the oil market is calm and therefore we can say it does not have an effect on the supply curve.

From the first image attached, increase in the aggregate demand led to an increase in price level from point P to P1 on the y-axis while output output level increased from point Y to point Y1 on the x-axis.

3) In the long run, due to the increase in demand in the short run that makes the supply curve shift to its right, it means the producers will have more of the goods produced. This will in turn reduce the price to its initial level and also increase the output level. From the second diagram, this will lead to a shift long run aggregate supply from LRAS to LRAS1 on the x-axis.