The rhyme scheme in the poem is: a b b a a b b a c d e c d e.
There is no end couplet, which makes this poem a Petrarchan sonnet.
Petrarchan sonnet consists of fourteen lines, the first eight lines (also called oc<em>tave</em>) follow the scheme: a b b a a b b a, and the rhyme scheme of the following six lines (also called <em>sestet</em>) may vary.
Unlike Atticus and Calpurnia, Harper Lee does not give us a paragraph describing Jem. Instead we must learn about his character through his actions and speech. Sometimes Scout will use a descriptive sentence for her brother's character but mostly the reader learns about him as the story progresses. Many of Jem's statements in the first chapter are written in the imperative mood. For example, he says, "Don't blame me when he gouges your eyes out." By using the imperative mood, Harper Lee shows Jem to be older and seemingly the leader of Dill and Scout. The use of the indicative mood in Jem's dialogue also shows his stubbornness as a leader. When Dill is pressuring him into touching the house of Boo Radley, Jem says, "I'm going...don't hurry me." Even though Jem is worried about what may happen when he touches the house, he stays in control of the situation by using both the indicative and imperative mood in this sentence. Jem is also seen as the protector of Scout. When Jem is hesitant about making Boo Radley come out of the house because he fears for his life, Scout notes, "Besides, Jem had his little sister to think of." It is clear from this sentence, that Jem looks out for Scout which shows that he is a protective, responsible older brother.
The translator is an author, a writer who does not start writing from scratch, but from a text written in a language that he has to translate into a different language, adapting it at the same time. The translator not only has to transfer the lexical and syntactic aspect, in fact, a set of words, although well constructed at the syntactic level is not enough, it is not very comprehensible and will lack that "something" that every good translator has to give to the text . The fact that a translated text must remain faithful to the meaning of the original text, without compromising the linguistic norms of the target language, is a key principle of translation, more or less shared by everyone. From this principle all the considerations of the translator and the translation techniques that he chooses are based or have to be based. The translator, as far as possible, has to try to overcome the obstacle of double translation and try to make his version as similar as possible to the original. A so-called "bridge language" is sometimes used.