Answer:
1. Luther.
2. Sinful.
3. Predestination.
4. Theocracy.
Explanation:
John Calvin born on the 10th of July, 1509 was a French pastor, reformer and theologian during the times of protestant reformation in Geneva, Switzerland.
John Calvin was a calvinist because he preached a doctrine that was later known as calvinism.
In his work titled "Institutes of the Christian Religion." he stated that, all human beings are wicked and weak; thus, no matter what, only those who were predestined would be privileged to go to heaven.
Basically, the doctrine of calvinism known as predestination emphasizes that, God has chosen or selected some people to be destroyed eternally and others to be saved (go to heaven). Also, those people who have been predestined for eternal destruction cannot be saved even by their good works.
Hence, John Calvin built on Luther ideas, stressing that human beings are by nature sinful; and that God has chosen to save some and not others. This idea is known as Predestination. He established a Theocracy in Geneva, where all citizens had to conform to strict rules of behavior.
