Top-down effects imply control through predation, including fishery, while
bottom-up effects imply control through food abundance, often thought to be driven by climate or nutrient load.
<h3>What is Top down regulation ?</h3>
The top-down effect refers to a higher trophic level influences the community structure of a lower trophic level through predation.
<h3>What is Bottom up regulation ?</h3>
The bottom-up effect means that a lower trophic level in the biological network affects the community structure of higher trophic levels by means of resource restriction
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The alveolus (singular form) or alveoli (plural
form) are tiny sacs of organs that are attached to the ends of the alveolar
duct. These tiny sacs of air are clumped together that form interconnected
caves, working together as a unit. They are found inside the lungs and they
make the exchange of air easy and possible. Alveoli units are responsible for
putting oxygen into the air that we breathe in. Blood that passes through the
heart and into the lungs are converted into oxygen which will be then
transported by the blood all over the body systems.
<span>
The walls of the alveoli are extremely thin to
enable the quick exchange of gases Aside from this, the linings of alveoli
units are fluid in nature enabling gases to dissolve. </span>
Answer:
electrical energy is a from of energy cause by electrons. The electrons flow the metals giving a shock of energy.
Explanation:
it can be used to power things with wires inside
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