1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
il63 [147K]
3 years ago
12

You are studying a biochemical pathway in the mold Neurospora where enzyme 1 converts the initial substrate into intermediate su

bstrate A; enzyme 2 converts intermediate substrate A into intermediate substrate B; enzyme 3 converts intermediate substrate B into intermediate substrate C; and enzyme 4 converts intermediate substrate C into the end product, an amino acid that is essential for growth. You isolate a mutant that is unable to grow on minimal media. Which data would provide the strongest support for the hypothesis that this mutation occurred in the gene that codes for enzyme 2
Biology
1 answer:
solmaris [256]3 years ago
3 0

Complete question:

You are studying a biochemical pathway in the mold Neurospora where enzyme 1 converts the initial substrate into intermediate substrate A; enzyme 2 converts intermediate substrate A into intermediate substrate B; enzyme 3 converts intermediate substrate B into intermediate substrate C; and enzyme 4 converts intermediate substrate C into the end product, an amino acid that is essential for growth. You isolate a mutant that is unable to grow on minimal media. Which data would provide the strongest support for the hypothesis that this mutation occurred in the gene that codes for enzyme 2?

a. The mold can grow on rich medium plus intermediate substrate C, but not on rich medium plus intermediate substrate B.

b. The mold can grow on minimal medium plus intermediate substrate B, but not on minimal medium plus the initial substrate.

c. The mold can grow on minimal medium plus intermediate substrate B, but not on minimal medium plus intermediate substrate A.

d. The mold can grow on rich medium plus intermediate substrate D, but not on rich medium plus intermediate substrate C.

e. The mold can grow on minimal medium plus intermediate substrate A, but not on minimal medium plus intermediate substrate C.

Answer:

c. The mold can grow on minimal medium plus intermediate substrate B, but not on minimal medium plus intermediate substrate A.

Explanation:

Let us first diagram the pathway for a better understanding.

The normal organism produces four enzymes that convert substrates in the medium that allow it to survive, grow, and reproduce.  

initial substrate ------------> A ----------------> B ----------------> C ----------------> AA

                           <em>Enzyme 1       Enzyme 2        Enzyme 3         Enzyme 4</em>

Any mutation on the Neurospora´s enzymes will not let the organism grow on the minimal medium because it will not be able to convert the minimal substrate into the following one, because the mutated enzyme will not accomplish its original function.

  • So if the mutation occurs in enzyme 1, the organism will <em>not be able to convert the initial substrate into intermediate substrate A</em>. And the rest of the reaction will not be possible either because of the lack of substance A.

initial substrate -----X----> A -------X-----> B ------X--------> C ------X-------> AA

          <u> </u><u><em>mutated Enzyme 1 </em></u><em>      Enzyme 2       Enzyme 3        Enzyme 4</em>

<em />

  • If the mutation occurs in enzyme 2, the organism will <em>not be able to convert the intermediate substrate A into intermediate substrate B</em>. And the rest of the reaction will not be possible either because of the lack of substance B.

initial substrate ------------> A -------X--------> B -------X------> C --------X-----> AA

                           <em>Enzyme 1   </em><em>mutated Enz. 2</em><em>     Enzyme 3         Enzyme 4</em>

<em />

  • If the mutation occurs in enzyme 3, the organism <em>will not be able to convert the intermediate substrate B into intermediate substrate C</em>. And the last reaction will not be possible either because of the lack of substance C.

initial substrate ------------> A ----------------> B -------X--------> C -------X------> AA

                           <em>Enzyme 1       Enzyme 2     </em><u><em>mutated Enz. 3</em></u><em>     Enzyme 4</em>

<em />

  • And if the mutation occurs in enzyme 4, the organism <em>will not be able to convert the intermediate substrate C into the essential amino acid</em>.

initial substrate ------------> A ----------------> B ----------------> C -------X-------> AA

                           <em>Enzyme 1       Enzyme 2        Enzyme 3      </em><u><em>Mutated Enz. 4</em></u>

<u><em /></u>

But, if we artificially add to the medium the substrate that should be produced by the original enzyme (and that is not converted because of the mutation), then the organism will grow and survive because the other enzymes will be able to produce the essential amino acid.

So, if enzyme 2 is the only enzyme mutated, the organism will not be able to live in a medium with substrate A because the mutated enzyme will not convert the substrate A into B. There will <em>not be B substrate in the medium, and the other enzymes will not produce the essential amino acid</em>. So if the mutation occurs in enzyme 2, substrate A is useless to the organism because it will not survive.

But if we add the intermediate substrate B to the medium, the organism will survive. In a medium with substrate B, all the other reactions will be possible, and the organism will get the essential amino acid. The artificial addition of B substrate will replace the function of the original enzyme 2 -which is the one that converts A into B-.

You might be interested in
List the eight categories of biological classification of organisms from the most general category to the most specific.
NARA [144]

Answer:

Classification of biological organisms from most general to most specific is -

Domain

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Explanation:

A hierarchy system of taxa or ranks of living organisms up to species level is known as taxonomic classification. It includes a higher and most generalized rank domain consist of archaea, bacteria, and eukarya. Second most generalized ranks kingdom that consist of various kingdoms.

Less generalized ranks are in order of a decrease in general and an increase in specificity are phylum, class, order, and family and the most specific ranks are genus and species.

8 0
3 years ago
What is the best way to study?? I need help to study for Science
Volgvan
The best way may be is going over the notes on the chapter you were doing. Or going over the chapter once or twice.
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is an organism made up of many cells called
Setler [38]
The correct answer in multicellular
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Breaking down food into simpler substances that the cells can use is the process of ____
Mandarinka [93]
I think it is called mechanical digestion.  Or alas, chemical digestion.  One of those.  Or both!

Hope helps-aparri

(thank yous are welcome)

7 0
3 years ago
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a unicellular eukaryotic organism belonging to the genus Plasmodium. These eukaryotic
andreev551 [17]

Answer:

Parasitism.

Explanation:

Parasitism is the relationship that is present between Plasmodium and humans because one organism takes benefit from the other whereas the other get harmed by the other. In Plasmodium and humans relationship, human gets harmed from the mosquito by having malarial disease, while on the other hand, mosquito is benefitted by sucking of blood which is a food source for mosquitoes.

7 0
2 years ago
Other questions:
  • What basic unit of heredity is found on segments of DNA and are passed on from parent to offspring? nucleotide gene phosphate mo
    8·2 answers
  • The somatosensory cortex in the human brain processes information about _____. facial recognition body sensations voluntary move
    7·1 answer
  • The mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to
    10·1 answer
  • According to the AMA, what is a key reason behind a physician's duty of confidentiality to a patient? A. If a physician reveals
    9·2 answers
  • Savannas do not exist in the United States because
    11·2 answers
  • Predict the chemical formula of butyne, having one carbon-carbon triple bond. C4H8 C4H10 C4H6
    14·1 answer
  • HELPPPPP HELLLLPPPPP ASAPPPPPP
    7·1 answer
  • Feeling dum.b rn so Umh… what does it mean for the moon to have a Revolution?
    7·2 answers
  • Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is a
    14·1 answer
  • Which of the following resources would MOST LIKELY suffer from the tragedy of the commons????
    7·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!