"The Long March" occurred.
Option A, substantive rights is the right answer.
In an organized society, substantive rights are the fundamental human rights, possessed by people. Justice in substantive law applied in a fair way. The substantive rights are guarded against procedural errors of litigation. Justice in Substantive rights assures a fair trial on qualities.
Deforestation = cutting down of trees in large scale due to which it causes soil erosion. desertification = a process by which fertile land become desert ,typically as a result for drought, deforestation
It had a major impact on Earth's Atmosphere. Hoped this helped :)