Dr. López has probably found
"mirror neurons".
A mirror neuron is a neuron that flames both when a creature acts and when the creature watches a similar activity performed by another. Hence, the neuron "mirrors" the conduct of alternate, as if the onlooker were itself acting. Such neurons have been straight forwardly seen in primate species.
Answer:
Substantive due process
Explanation:
The substantive due process theory of the constitutional law that prohibit the government from violating the rights of the defendant during the due process.
The first amendment protect the government to prevent the citizens from exercising their free will. Since on the case above the dog fighting is not illegal in japan , the defendant could make a case that the government is violating first amendment during the due process (since he is not informed why he is sentenced from exercising activities that he believed as legal) and can be used as a basis for his appeal.