Answer:
A. An undifferentiated cell that has not yet been programmed and can become any type of cell = Stem cell
C. Traits that are influenced by more than one gene = Polygenic traits
F. Genetic engineering that exactly duplicates an organism = Reproductive cloning
G. Identical twins = Monozygotic twins
H. Making mRNA from DNA = Transcription
J. A change in the DNA sequence = Mutation
K. Fraternal twins = Dizygotic twins
L. Thirteen DNA sequences that all humans carry = Short tandem repeats
M. Traits that involve the actions of many genes but also interact with the environment = Quantitative traits
N. Uses ribose as the sugar in the nucleotide = Ribonucleic acid
Explanation:
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are capable of self-renewal or differentiation into many different types of cells. Polygenic traits are phenotypic traits influenced by two or more genes, while quantitative traits are phenotypic features controlled by the combined effects of many genes and environmental factors. Reproductive cloning is a laboratory technique used to produce genetically identical individuals from mature somatic cells. Monozygotic twins are identical twins obtained by fertilization of a single egg cell which then splits in two, while dizygotic twins are generated by fertilization of two different eggs. Transcription is the process where the genetic information contained in a strand of DNA is copied into a particular type of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, ncRNA, etc). A mutation is a genetic alteration in the DNA sequence of a cell of a living organism that is produced during DNA replication. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are repeated DNA sequences (2-16 nucleotides, two or more times) that are adjacent to each other. In humans, there are 13 well-characterized STR sequences known to be associated with populations of different ethnic groups.
