Question 1:
The name of my colony is 'Generation Ash-town'. Because of the destroy and ruin, I will start a city-state government, and work on building it up again.
Question 2:
Both men and women can participate in my government, however they must pass a very challenging physical test, as well as an grueling intelligence exam. The citizens who have the highest passing score in both tests will be selected as 'chairmen' for my government. There will be a total of 20 chairmen. They will make decisions as a whole, having to agree on all voting laws.
The citizens will be able to vote on laws to a certain extent, but not be able to elect their representatives, because of the process already stated above.
I believe this is the best way to run a government/colony post-apoctalipic because logic and strength will be more important than any feelings or minor inconveniences.
Question 3:
The legislative branch will be made up of the 10 most qualified chairmen. They will be the ones writing the laws and sending them off to the executive branch. The executive branch will be made up of the next 10 qualified chairmen. They will be the ones who vote on whether or not to pass the law(s). The citizens will be allowed to vote on the laws they wish to send to the legislative branch for review.
Question 4:
My bill of rights will include the following: freedom of speech, the right to bare arms, the right to form a militia, the right to due process of law, and freedom of self-incrimination.
It would be very important to have these rights and laws in place for a successful government. These all help to insure that the government is there to protect and serve it's citizens, not to control them.
Question 5:
We will have very secure border walls along our colony to ensure no unwanted or illegal entry. This will include steel and concrete barriers, barbed wire, electric fencing, and stakes lining the ground. There will be trained and qualified guards at various watch towers. They will switch shifts every 6-8 hours, and always caries loaded guns.
Question 6:
In the post-apocalyptic society, there is no time for mischief or disorderly conduct. The two citizens will be sent to prison and possibly face harsher punishment is they are not willing to abide by the laws set in place.
Question 7:
We will send our most powerful troops to this new found colony to find out if they are civil enough to interact with or not. If they are, we will work our a peace treaty, and offer to combine into a larger, more powerful group. If not, we will wipe them out for our own safety.
Question 8:
We will have a trained group of 25 individuals who take barricaded trucks and loaded weapons out into the salvaged world to not only hunt, but find stores and homes that have non-perishable food remaining. We will have strict portion-control and the citizens who chose to disobey these rules will be banished, or forced out into the world by themselves.