In modern democracies, citizens had contrasting senses
Josh played basketball for two years.
Josh used to play basketball ball.
“A neighbours pitbill had escaped from the house... The dog viciously attacked Melissa, requiring her to have multiple major reconstruction surgeries the years following the incident.”
Patriotism may be strengthened by adherence to a national religion (a civil religion or even a theocracy). ... By 'patriotism' I mean devotion to a particular place and a particular way of life, which one believes to be the best in the world but has no wish to force upon other people.