Answer:
The term “epigenetics” was introduced in 1942 by embryologist Conrad Waddington, who, relating it to the 17th century concept of “epigenesis”, defined it as the complex of developmental processes between the genotype and phenotype.
Explanation:
The correct answers are:
- Methylation of histone tails in chromatin can promote condensation of the chromatin.
- DNA is not transcribed when chromatin is packaged tightly in a condensed form.
- Acetylation of histone tails is a reversible process.
- Some forms of chromatin modification can be passed on to future generations of cells.
- Acetylation of histone tails in chromatin allows access to DNA for transcription.
Histone modifications are post-translational modifications of histone protein that can affect gene expression by altering chromatin structure or recruiting histone modifiers.The most common modifications are methylation, phosphorylation, acetylation and ubiquitylation. All of them affect the binding affinity between histones and DNA and thus loosening (gene activation) or tightening (gene repression) the condensed DNA.
Histone methylation is a transfer of methyl group by histone methyltransferases to lysine or arginine amino acid of protein. Effect of methylation depends on the type of protein that is modified. Demethylation is the reverse process.
Histone acetylation is the process of adding of an acetyl group(by histone acetyltransferases) to histone proteins and it can also activate or inhibit the gene expression. Deacetilation is reverse process.
Although glycolysis produces four molecules of atp by substrate-level phosphorylation, the net gain of atp for the cell is two molecules. This is because glycolysis is at first endergonic.
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What is glycolysis?</h3>
- The metabolic process that turns glucose into pyruvic acid is known as glycolysis.
- The high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide are created using the free energy released during this process.
- A series of ten enzyme-catalyzed processes make up glycolysis.
- The process by which glucose is broken down to provide energy is known as glycolysis.
- It generates two pyruvate molecules, ATP, NADH, and water.
- There is no need for oxygen throughout the process, which occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell.
- Both aerobic and anaerobic creatures experience it.
- The initial process in breaking down glucose to release energy for cellular metabolism is called glycolysis.
- An energy-consuming phase and an energy-releasing phase make up glycolysis.
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The process of photosynthesis occurs when green plants use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into carbohydrates. Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll, a photosynthetic pigment of the plant, while air containing carbon dioxide and oxygen enters the plant through the leaf stomata.
It should be an igneous rock because it formed by the volcanoes lava cooling down
