Answer:
The sound of the bad rustling is called conditioned stimulus.
Maddie's ability to tell the difference is called discrimination.
Explanation:
In classical conditioning, a conditioned stimulus can be defined as a neutral stimulus that has become associated with an unconditioned stimulus and, eventually, begins to trigger a conditioned response. In Maddie's case, she learned to associate the sound of the bag to being given food. For that reason, the sound of the bag has become the conditioned stimulus that triggers her response of running to the kitchen.
Discrimination, in classical conditioning, is the ability to tell the difference between a stimulus and other stimuli that are similar to it. The sounds of Maddie's dog food bag and the chips bag may be similar, but Maggie has learned to differentiate them. She is showing discrimination, which is why she does not run to the kitchen when she hears the sound of the chips bag.
