Manorialism is a system of vesting property in a lord of the manor, who had jurisdiction over subject peasants. The system was based on mutual obligation and benefit. The king or some other high lord gave the use and benefit of the manor to the lord of the manor in exchange for military and political support. The lord of the manor gave the peasants a place to live, fields to farm, and protection in exchange for labor, part of the crop, or other economic support.
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The correct answer is D.
Lech Walesa (born in 1943) is a Polish politician and labour activist. He founded and leaded <em>Solidarity</em> the first free labor union in the Soviet bloc. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1983 and became president of Poland in 1990 until 1995.
The reasons why he was awarded the Nobel Prize was because he developed mechanisms for peaceful resolution of labor issues in his country. He established networks for negotiations and cooperation between the government and the unions, specifically his organization called <em><u>Solidarity</u></em>. He attempted to solve problems through peaceful initiatives, while surrounded by a world in constant tension due to the Cold War scenario. His behaviour set a model to be followed and this is why the committee decided to give him the award.
