The correct answer is - Cartography.
Cartography is the sub-discipline of geography that as a main focus has the creation of maps (of various sizes) and globes. People have been developing cartography for over 2,000 years, and over time they managed to slowly improve it, both with the bigger knowledge of the world and with the advancements in technology. For most of the history of the cartography, the maps were made on hand, but in the past few decades it made a huge leap forward with the usage of computer programs, which is much quicker, easier, and more precise.
Hello!
In order for an animal to be a vertebrate, it must have a backbone. As can clearly be seen in any image of a sponge, it is a highly asymmetrical simple animal and does not have a backbone. Therefore, a breadcrumb sponge is not a vertebrate, or is an invertebrate.
I hope this helped!
The cretaceous-tertiary mass extinction was apparently caused by a meteorite that struck Yucatan Peninsule in Mexico
