Assuming you're talking about the US justice system . . . individuals still have rights when they are accused of criminal acts because our justice system requires that each individual be innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. Until such point that they are proven guilty, they are assumed innocent, and are entitled to the same rights as you or I am, having not committed any criminal acts. . . . THEY HAVE TO BE PROVEN GUILTY FIRST BEFORE THEY LOSE ANY RIGHTS AS A CITIZEN
I think the answer is a. I'm not 100 sure though.
The question is incomplete. Here is the complete question:
The following annual returns for Stock E are projected over the next year for three possible states of the economy. What is the stock’s expected return and standard deviation of returns? E(R) = 8.5% ; σ = 22.70%; mean = $7.50; standard deviation = $2.50
State Prob E(R)
Boom 10% 40%
Normal 60% 20%
Recession
30% - 25%
Answer:
The expected return of the stock E(R) is 8.5%.
The standard deviation of the returns is 22.7%
Explanation:
<u>Expected return</u>
The expected return of the stock can be calculated by multiplying the stock's expected return E(R) in each state of economy by the probability of that state.
The expected return E(R) = (0.4 * 0.1) + (0.2 * 0.6) + (-0.25 * 0.3)
The expected return E(R) = 0.04 + 0.12 -0.075 = 0.085 or 8.5%
<u>Standard Deviation of returns</u>
The standard deviation is a measure of total risk. It measures the volatility of the stock's expected return. The standard deviation (SD) of a stock's return can be calculated by using the following formula:
SD = √(rA - E(R))² * (pA) + (rB - E(R))² * (pB) + ... + (rN - E(R))² * (pN)
Where,
- rA, rB to rN is the return under event A, B to N.
- pA, pB to pN is the probability of these events to occur
- E(R) is the expected return of the stock
Here, the events are the state of economy.
So, SD = √(0.4 - 0.085)² * (0.1) + (0.2 - 0.085)² * (0.6) + (-0.25 - 0.085)² * (0.3)
SD = 0.22699 or 22.699% rounded off to 22.70%
When it comes to the deformation of rocks, it is believed that water weaken the chemical bonds that constituent mineral grains. Water forms a film around the mineral and weaken the bonds. This is why wet rocks tend to act in a more ductile manner. If a rock is dry, they tend to be more brittle.
Answer:
benefits consumers of the product.
Explanation:
Import tariffs are generally put in place to protect domestic producers from foreign producers. Tariffs benefit domestic producers but hurt consumers since they are forced to pay higher prices.
When the import tariffs are withdrawn, the domestic price of the goods should decrease, benefiting consumers.
