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Answer:
The probability that a student arriving at the ATM will have to wait is 67%.
Step-by-step explanation:
This can be solved using the queueing theory models.
We have a mean rate of arrival of:

We have a service rate of:

The probability that a student arriving at the ATM will have to wait is equal to 1 minus the probability of having 0 students in the ATM (idle ATM).
Then, the probability that a student arriving at the ATM will have to wait is equal to the utilization rate of the ATM.
The last can be calculated as:

Then, the probability that a student arriving at the ATM will have to wait is 67%.
4382
Since 4.1% x 8 = 32.8%
32.8% of 3300 = 1082.4
3300 + 1082.4 = 4082 rounded
2.8 miles.
My Work/Reasoning:
First we find the rate. 7/60 mpm (miles per minutes)
Then we multiply that by 24. 7/60 * 24
Finally, we solve the equation and learn that Chang would run 2.8 miles in 24 minutes.
Independent: cell phone plan
dependent: monthly cost
constant: per month/per minute (money)