Answer: Alarm reaction stage
Explanation:
The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is the 3- stage body response to stress conditions. The three stages include
1) Alarm reaction stage
2) Resistance stage
3) Exhaustion stage
Note that the Alarm reaction stage consist of arousal by the autonomic nervous system, where several involuntary responses such as sweating, tension, raised breathing etc are observed due to hormones released.
Answer:
Cell–cell interaction
Explanation:
Based on the scenario being described it can be said that the developmental process that has most likely been affected are known as Cell–cell interaction. These are the direct interactions that exist between cell surfaces that allow them to communicate with one another. Doing so by receiving signals and initiating transduction pathways. Therefore since these are functions that have been disrupted it's safe to say that the Cell-cell interaction has been affected.
Temperature, sunlight and water are all examples of the abiotic components of the ecosystem.
The ecosystem is the interaction and dynamic interdependent exchange of the biotic and abiotic factors of the environment. The biotic factors are the life or living organisms that live in the said environment. While the abiotic factors are those for example, soil, water, wind, air, minerals and etc
Answer: The correct answer is- Intraspecific competition.
Intraspecific competition can be described as an interaction in a population where members belonging to the same species compete for a limited resource ( such as food, water).
As per the information given in the question, both organisms ( grizzly bears) belong to the same species and competing for fish, which is food for them.
Thus, it is an example of Intraspecific competition.
