Answer and Explanation:
The manipulation of the gene is called genetic engineering. In genetic engineering, fragments of genes are cloned by leading the genes into the host cell. The advantage of using a prokaryotic host system in genetic engineering is that bacterial cells are used to produce commercially significant products. For example, human growth hormone helps to treat dwarfism, and human insulin production, which is used to treat diabetes. The bacterium P.putida is created by genetic engineering, which is used to break down petroleum products. Genetic engineering also carries some potential risks, such as transferring the selected gene into another speice, benefit one species can harm another speice. Therefore genetic engineering must be used in limit in prokaryotes. These limitations are also addressable in single-cell eukaryotic systems. Biologics-based therapeutic medicines such as a vaccine, gene therapies, and cell therapies known as bioproduction are produced. Medicines are so complex that they can only be formed in a living system. Biopharmaceuticals, value-added food, fuels, chemicals, antibiotics, and many other products are produced by bioproduction.
Answer:
Photosynthesis is the process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of sugars. In a process driven by light energy, glucose molecules (or other sugars) are constructed from water and carbon dioxide, and oxygen is released as a byproduct.
Answer:
Neighboring cardiac muscle cells in the walls of heart chambers have specialized cell-to-cell contacts that electrically and mechanically link the cells together, permitting the immediate passage of muscle impulses. These cell-to-cell contacts are called <u>intercalated discs.</u>
Explanation:
Intercalated discs can be described as unique structures present between the cardiac muscles of the heart. The intercalated discs play a major role in making the cardiac muscles contract in a rhythm so that the heart can pump blood in a regular fashion and it hence regulates the effective functioning of the heart. The intercalated discs are the structures that join on cardiac muscle to another and is involved in the transmission of chemical messages between them.
The answer to this question is histidine. Histidine i<span>s an </span>α-amino acid<span> involved in the biosynthesis of </span>proteins. The structure of histidine includes<span> an </span>α-amino acid<span>, a </span>carboxylic acid group<span>, and an </span>imidazole<span> side chain. Histidine was initially thought to be </span>essential<span> only for infants; however, it has since been found to be essential for adults too.</span>