Alicia had 76 pencils at the end, gave 18 pencils, and received a total of 33 pencils. 33-18 = 15. Alicia gains 15 pencils. To figure out how many she already had we subtract 76 to 15. 76-15 = 61. To check this we can make an equation. 61-18+10+23 = 76. 76 = 76 so Alicia had 61 pencils in the begginning.
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What the attached image says that if two solids with equal heights and base areas are cut by any parallel plane to their bases then sections of equal area (volume) would be produced in them