Key Questions and Terms Notes

A 22-year-old man was in a motorcycle accident with resultant neck injuries that led to partial paralysis of the upper and lower

Arte-miy333 [17]

Answer:

We are given:

Minute Ventilation, MV = 6L/min

Respiratory Rate, RR = 30 b/min

PaO2 = 61mmHg

PaCO2 = 47mmHg

a) to find Tidal Volume, TV, we use:

TV = MV/RR

TV = 6/30

= 0.2litres => 200ml

For Alveolar ventilation, AV, we have:

AV = (Tidal Volume-dead space)×RR

AV = (200 - 150)×30

AV = 1500ml/min

The normal dead space value is 150ml.

Comparing both TV and AV with the normal values, it can be said that, since he has a TV of 200ml, he is defficient because a normal TV level is 500ml.

The man has an AV of 1500ml/min, which is low when compared to the normal AV value which is 4200ml/min.

2) The factor contributing to the deceased alveolar ventilation is the increase in PaCO2, in this case, the PaCO2 is 47mmHg, whereas the normal PaCO2 level is between 38-42mmHg

3) The muscle involved in this problem is the lower rib cage and thoracic cavity, while the nerve involved in this problem is the spinal cord.

4) The residual volume is decreased

5) Dyspenea simply means shortness of breath. It happens when a person experiences difficulty in breathing.

6) The cause of Dyspenea could be that the tidal Volume is lowered by the reduced diaphragmatic and intercoastal innervation or it could also be caused by chest trauma

7) The reflexes that causes tachypnea in this individual are the central and peripheral chemoreceptors. A individual has a PaO2 of 61mmHg and this low PaO2 causes the high breathing rate becauses peripheral chemoreceptors senses it and the medulla sends the signal out

3 0

3 years ago

Which substance is a compound? water gold oxygen hydrogen HURRY PLEASE !!

Ray Of Light [21]

Oxygen is a compound.

7 0

3 years ago

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Neurons transmit signals to the central nervous system. The brain processes this information to initiate a response. Two neurons

Free_Kalibri [48]

The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.

Neurons transmit signals to the central nervous system. The brain processes this information to initiate a response. Two neurons communicate with each other through the ( axon , dendrite, synapse) . The ( cerebrospinal cord, glial cell, neurotransmitter) is released at the site to initiate action potential and carry the signal through the body.

Answer:

synapse

neurotransmitter

Explanation:

Neurons are the basic units for the transmission of signals to the central nervous system. The two neurons are connected through the syanpse. Synapse is the space or junction between two nerve cells, or neurons.

The neuron receives signals through dendrites and two neurons communicate with each other through a chemical called neurotransmitter, which is released at the end of a nerve fibre and carry the signal through the body.

Hence, the correct answers are synapse and neurotransmitter.

6 0

3 years ago

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Light penetrates the clear water of the open ocean more deeply than it does lake

SOVA2 [1]

The answer is A: phytoplankton provides nutrients to consumers in the ecosystem.

Hope this helps:)

6 0

3 years ago

Define what is meant by causal association according to Hill's criteria. From your own experiences, give an example of how the 3

xenn [34]

Answer:

Causal association is defined as two events in which one event leads to the cause/development of the second event such as the consumption of trans-fats and the onset of heart disease. In order to show the causal association, it is necessary to ensure that the 3 criteria of temporality, consistency, and strength are satisfied with respect to the relationship between consumption of trans fats and heart disease. According to this example involving the relationship between trans-fats and heart disease, temporality could be satisfied if one is consuming an excessive amount of foods containing trans-fats such asFrench fries, and who then ends up suffering from heart disease. In order to fulfill the criteria of strength, statistical tests would need to be performed in order to establish that there is a positive correlation between the individuals who consume trans-fats 10 times per week are shown to develop and require treatment for heart disease 90% of the time. Lastly, consistency may be fulfilled by showing that the same results are occurring despite applying the same testing measures on different groups of individuals during various increments. By applying the same tests on different groups, the chances of creating false-positives within the study can be significantly lowered. Numerous studies can be used to determine whether meaningful statements regarding the causal relationship between two factors can be established. By performing multiple studies on individuals’ eating habits and their health outcomes, researchers may then determine whether a relationship exists between the health challenges that they are faced with and the items that they consume.

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago