They (Africans) were driven by their homelands.
Effect --> They conquered others + created powerful states up north.
Answer:
How societies use scarce resources to produce valuabe commodities
Complained about how it was too little to do.
Answer: Cultural Realism
Explanation: Cultural Realism could be explained as a concept which aims to define and understand a person's action based on the person's cultural affiliation. Cultural Realism is an ideological concept which aims to define and understand an individual's action, belief, attitude based on that person's culture rather than being judged on the basis other cultural affiliation.
In the context above, the sociologist negates the idea of withholding food and water from children who misbehave based on her cultural perspective. However, from the principle of cultural Realism, the idea must be judged based on the culture of the individual and not from the sociologist's cultural perspective.