The first conditioning is the classical conditioning and it can be explained on an example of a dog that is producing saliva when it knows that it will be fed.
the second kind of conditioning is the operant conditioning. An example of an operant conditioning is a dog learning to open a box after it witnessed a ball being placed in it.
There are differences between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells. This difference is considered to be the most important distinction between groups of organisms.
A Prokaryotic cell does not contain a nucleus. It only contains one chromosome and is a single-celled organism. It was the only form of life on earth for millions of years. Examples of a Prokaryotic cell are the different types of bacteria present today.
A Eukaryotic cell contains a nucleus; more than one chromosome and is typically a multi-celled organism. <span>Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells.
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<span>The
answer is stage 3 sleep (deep sleep). During early phases of this stage the HGH (Human
Growth Hormone) is released by the brain (pituitary gland). This is especially significant for the growth
of a child during maturation. The
release of the hormone is pulse-like and not continuous.</span>
Answer:
The final product is four gametes, two of them with 5 chromosomes, and the other two with 3 chromosomes each.
Explanation:
If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis 1, a pair of homologous chromosomes fail to separate, and one of the daughter cells will have the two chromosomes while the other cell will not get any chromosome from the pair.
If meiosis 1 occurs normally, but nondisjunction occurs in meiosis 2, sister chromatids fail to separate.
The usual process of meiosis produces four daughter haploid cells (n) from a diploid germ cell (2n). Each daughter cell is haploid because they have half the number of chromosomes of the original one.
If the diploid number of the original cell is 8 (2n=8), then under normal conditions, each haploid daughter cell should have 4 chromosomes (n = 4).
But in the exposed example, one pair of homologous chromosomes experiences nondisjunction during meiosis I (in the attached file, you will recognize this pair as the red one). The other chromosomes separate as usual. So one of the daughter cells will have one extra chromosome than expected (five instead of four), and the other daughter cell will lack one chromosome (three instead of four). Meiosis II occurs normally. The final result is the formation of four gametes, two of them with 5 chromosomes, and the other two with 3 chromosomes each.