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He says giving liberty in order to get safety is bad. So liberty is the best thing.
Explanation:
- If you give up your freedom saying the higher authority will take care, then what you have done will make you abuse the authority and the power they have.
- It says if one gives up the liberty to some authority just to feel safer, then you will not get either one.
- The power to whom you have given up the liberty will enslave you. You don't deserve that liberty.
I think the narrator believes that the men he is talking about lacked vision to anticipate future problems and courageously deal with the consequences ie they did not actively or proactively deal with life but on the contrary allowed themselves to be victims of circumstance. Re the word "I" I think he means that they did not realize the power they had to change the course of events.
Based on the works and views of these individuals what do they have in common is the view that human individuals have a pessimistic and malevolent tendency.
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I’m not completely certain, but I think it’s c)