Brockdorff-Rantzau was Germany's foreign minister when the Treaty of Versailles was signed. The treaty was meant to put an end to World War I.
Initially, the German delegation had great trust in the process, as they had been promise a treaty that would ensure "a peace without victory." However, what they obtained was very different. Brockdorff-Rantzau believed the terms of the treaty to be extremely harsh towards Germany. The country lost 13 percent of its territory and 10 percent of its population. Moreover, it was denied membership in the League of Nations, forced to pay significant reparations and forced to claim that they took sole responsibility for the war.
The delegates explained this by justifying the amount of destruction that they believed Germany was responsible for, and by referring to the actions of Germany during the war. Despite a great amount of debate, Germany was eventually forced to sign the treaty, creating a lot of resentment in the country.
Antietam, also called the Battle of Sharpsburg
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Pedometers can be used to measure the estimated distance with how many steps you've made or walked/ran. People with a high risk of type 2 diabetes can use a pedometer if they're willing to because many doctors encourage them to exercise more.
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As Islam spread in Mecca, the ruling tribes began to oppose Muhammad's preaching and his condemnation of idolatry. The Quraysh tribe controlled the Kaaba and drew their religious and political power from its polytheistic shrines, so they began to persecute the Muslims and many of Muhammad's followers became martyrs.
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(a) Powers set aside for states use by the constitution (b) The constitution is binding on all authorities and persons throughout the federation (c) Powers given to federal government and states government to legislate on certain issues. (d) Fundamental human right of the citizens shall not be deprived without following the due process established by the constitution (e) Powers which are not directly given to a level of government to exercise power on such issues.
Explanation:
A federal constitution is a body of fundamental laws which clearly shows the powers given by the constitution to various levels of government within a federal state. A federal constitution is the supreme point of legal reference for all cases within a federation. A federal constitution separates powers such as
Reserved powers under the 10th Amendment :This is the powers the constitution set aside for the use of states in matters that concerned them. They are given the powers to make decisions on those matters that concern them without waiting for federal government to decide for them for example on road matters.
Supremacy of the constitution : This is a term which shows that the constitution is supreme and that its provisions shall have a binding force on all authorities and persons throughout the federation. If any other laws is inconsistent with the provisions of the constitution, then the constitution shall prevail, while such laws shall be declared null and void.
Concurrent powers under the 9th Amendment : This is the powers given by the constitution to federal government and states government to legislate on certain issues .but in order to eliminate crisis and confusion in the event of any conflict arising as a result of interest between the state and federal laws on these issues, then the federal laws take pre- eminence over those of state. For example issues such as education, health, sports and so on.
Due process powers under the 14th Amendment : This is the powers which states that citizens fundamental human right such as right to life, right to dignity of human persons, right to personal liberty and so on shall not be taken away from them except by following the due process stipulated by the constitution for such right to be deprived.
Implied power under Article iv : These are the powers which are not directly given to level of government but which is assumed that a level of government can exercise power on such issues because they are found to be the same with issues which are given to them by the constitution to legislate upon.
