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Looking back on history, we can often see patterns emerging just before dangerous or terrible events occurred. One example is the Holocaust during the Second World War. It's obvious to us—now—that the rise of authoritarianism, including fascism, was paving the way for leaders in many countries to command the obedience of whole populations, even when these leaders began to order the killing of civilians. We can see how Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and others began to attack journalists, control the flow of information, and stir up nationalism by persecuting ethnic minorities or invading desirable lands. In some ways, their actions were like experiments, pushing the boundaries of authoritarian rule to see what they could get away with. When nobody stopped them, they became bolder and more aggressive. This article details some of those experiments.
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Potatoes , chocolate, corn, tomatoes were all foods that came to Europe by explorers.
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The options that, in Wilson's view, would lead to another war:
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Group B
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Group A includes options that were part of President Woodrow Wilson's "14 Points." The 14 Points were set forth by Wilson in a speech he delivered to Congress in January, 1918. The 14 Points were his proposals for how to end the Great War (World War I) and establish international peace.
"Creating an organization to discuss and resolve problems" was his key idea, which was Point #14 of his proposals. Wilson worded it this way: "A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike."
"Agreeing not to form secret alliances" was Point #1 of Wilson's proposals.
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Group B includes provisions that were indeed adopted in the Treaty of Versailles, and proved to be actions that did lead to a Second World War.
The Treaty of Versailles, which came out of the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, was very punitive towards Germany. Germany was forced to admit responsibility for causing the Great War (World War I). We now call that "the war guilt" clause of the treaty. The German military had major restrictions imposed on it -- it had to be a volunteer military only, of no more than 100,000 men, and they could not have an air force. Germany also was forced to pay large reparation payments to the Allies (who opposed Germany in the war). The German economy and national pride were deeply wounded. The Great Depression was worse in Germany than in America. The bad situation in Germany made it possible for a radical leader like Hitler, making all sorts of bold promises, to win over enough people to rise to power. Hitler promised a return to national greatness and fiercely rebuilt Germany as a military machine. The rise of Hitler and the Nazis brought about World War II in Europe.
