“[W]e view with great concern, both nationally and individually, certain late attempts, on the part of various descriptions of d
omestic manufacturers, to induce your honorable body to increase the duties upon imports, already so high as to amount, upon many articles, nearly to a prohibition. . . . That, although these attempts are sustained under the plausible pretext of ‘promoting national industry,’ they are calculated (we will not say in design, but certainly in effect) to produce a tax highly impolitic in its nature, partial in its operation, and oppressive in its effects: a tax, in fact to be levied principally on the great body of agriculturists, who constitute a large majority of the whole American people, and who are the chief consumers of all foreign imports. . . .
[I]t is the duty of every wise and just government to secure the consumers against both exorbitant profits and extravagant prices by leaving competition as free and open as possible.”
Virginia Agricultural Society, petition to the House of Representatives, 1820
The arguments expressed in the petition best reflect which of the following developments?
a. Southern plantation owners’ control of most of the region’s land
b. Debates over the federal government’s role in the economy
c. Resistance to Supreme Court decisions limiting states’ rights
d. The Southern economy’s dependence on slave labor
Answer: b. Debates over the federal government’s role in the economy
Explanation:
The petition's title was "Remonstrance against Increase of Duties on Imports," and it represented the interests of the laissez-faire capitalists of the early 1900s who were against increasing taxation by the government. This issue was part of the much more complex debate about how much influence should the federal government have over the economy.
On August 24, 1814, as the War of 1812 raged on, invading British troops marched into Washington and set fire to the U.S. Capitol, the President's Mansion, and other local landmarks.
