Both the cases, Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v Board of Education, involved interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment.
In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court decided that racial discrimination in accommodations was permissible. After 58 years, the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka (1954) that racial accommodations were fundamentally unfair and therefore unconstitutional.
The Plessy v. Ferguson ruling, which sanctioned the "separate but equal" practises, was overturned by the Brown decision, making it a significant legal precedent. According to the Plessy decision's interpretation of the 14th Amendment, segregated facilities might be used to achieve legal equality.
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After having relative prosperity during the second half of the 20th century until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Citizens from Russia experimented relative economic hardship during the rest of the 90s. The government led by Boris Yeltsin was not successful in the transition of the economic model from socialism to open market capitalism.
Then came Vladimir Putin at the beginning of the 21st century. Under his regime, the Russian economy experimented a sustained growth due to the rising prices of oil. Industries like production, construction, real estate, and financial services all grew.
As a consequence of the improvement of the economy, the middle class grew as well as their income. GDP per capita (the amount of money the average Russian gains over a year) sharply rose since the beginning of Putin's regime and is barely reaching $12000 in 2017.
However, the country still fails to score positively in regarding corruption levels and freedom of speech. As the government is constantly accused of suppressing political opposition.
This leads to describing the standard of living of the average Russian citizen as constantly improving in economic terms, but still lacking the guarantee of security and freedom of speech.
aggregate demand is too low, government can use fiscal policy to stimulate the economy through increased spending or decreased taxes.
<h3>What is
taxes?</h3>
A tax is a mandatory financial charge or other sort of levy imposed on a taxpayer by a governmental entity to fund government spending and related public expenses.
A tax deduction is a provision that lowers the amount of taxable income. A standard deduction is a single, fixed-amount deduction. Itemized deductions are popular with higher-income taxpayers because they frequently have considerable deductible expenses such as state/local taxes paid, mortgage interest, and charitable contributions.
The effective tax rate is the percentage of an individual's or corporation's income that is paid in taxes. Individuals' effective tax rate is the average rate at which their earned and unearned income, such as stock dividends, are taxed.
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...................................................True
