Pretty sure the correct answer is D
Answer:
Number of bacteria required 
Explanation:
Given -
Size of each bacterium
micrometers long
These bacteria are arranged end to end.
The size of chain to be formed is equal to
centimetres
Let us say that in forming a chain of
centimetres nearly X number of individual bacterium are required.
hence, number of bacterium required to form
centimetres chain can be represented as

Number of bacteria required 
I would go with B & D because they change over time and they can go extinct like those big octopus in the oceans, they are rare to see in my opinion because they can blend in with other things that keeps them away from danger.
Answer:
Increase in kinetic energy of the gases
Explanation:
The direct sunlight will heat up the molecules making up the gases in the balloon.
Kinetic energy resulting from the heating of these particles will make them become randomized. They then begin to move more haphazardly colliding vigorously with themselves and the wall of balloon.
According to Charles's law "the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its temperature provided pressure remains constant" .
The sunlight heats the balloon and causes a rise in temperature. This will make the gas volume to increase and the balloon expands.
A picture is needed to answer.