<span>You
are probably talking about Chinese immigrants in the United States, who began
immigrating into the country in 18th century. Thousands of Chinese workers
went to the California Gold Rush looking for work, while thousands more were
hired to build the First Transcontinental Railroad. Treatment of Chinese
immigrants are particularly harsh since they become targets for populist
politicians and white laborers. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed
which barred practically all Chinese from entering the United States for 10
years.</span>
<span>Good Morning!
</span><span>a. judicial review
</span><span>
To oppose a presidential or legislative act, the judiciary may recover a judicial review, in order to show how such a measure is unconstitutional and, thus, can not be made official.
hugs!</span>
Answer:
Internal process
Explanation:
The ending of the Ming voyages a result of "internal processes."
The above statement is true because the Ming voyages which were stopped in 1433 were as a result of internal processes, some of which were:
1. Following the death of the Yongle Emperor, his son, Hongxi Emperor, was more of a Confucianist and considered the voyages unnecessary
2. The Ming voyages are considered to be costing the country China a lot of money. Hence they felt it needs to be stopped.
3. The need to secure their borders against the raiders from Mongols and the West.
Answer:The United States and France were having some difficulties, partly because of the Jay Treaty (which George Washington signed to prevent a war with Great Britain). The Jay Treaty limited France's ability to trade in US ports. In retaliation to the newly signed treaty, France began seizing American ships. In 1797, President John Adams sent a diplomatic commission, including Elbridge Gerry, John Marshall, and Charles Pinckney, to Paris to negotiate with the French and come to some sort of compromise. Agents of Talleyrand, the French Foreign Minister, approached the American diplomats and demanded a US loan as well as a personal bribe for Talleyrand if they wanted to meet with him. Marshall, one of the US diplomats, sent dispatches from Paris to John Adams, who began to prepare for war since exchanging money was not going to happen.
This diplomatic incident between the United States and France is called the XYZ Affair. It was coined the XYZ affair because when then-president John Adams released the documents—Marshall’s dispatches—to Congress, he replaced the names of the three French diplomats, Hottinguer, Bellamny, and Hauteval, with the letters X, Y, and Z.
The XYZ Affair caused outrage and a political firestorm among Americans, and it resulted in an undeclared Quasi-War from 1798–1800 between the United States and France, mostly fought by sea. By December of 1801, both the United States and France had ratified the Treaty of Mortefontaine—which was the result of the Convention of 1800, which came about after Talleyrand accepted a new American Commission to try to prevent a full-scale war.
Explanation:
Philosophers sought to change the world politically and intellectually.
