One of the easiest ways was to be a very succesful merchant that made his way up the social hierarchy scale. Being a merchant that was good at what he does enabled a person to gain wealth and power in time.
The movement from the Northeast to the Sunbelt occurred after the extensive use of air conditioning made the hot weather of the South more bearable for a larger number of people. Many people moved to the Sunbelt in order to enjoy better weather and recreational opportunities.
On the other hand, the movement from inner cities to the suburbs occurred when the economy of the United States improved and new families wanted their own homes that were suitable for nuclear families. The suburbs also benefitted from a better road system and the availability of cars.
I believe that the latter movement was the most significant one, as it left a deep mark on the lifestyle of the United States. It led to the development of extremely large supermarkets. It also made owning a vehicle vital. Finally, this change also led to the rise of a "commuter culture" and to the disappearance of housing in the center of major cities.
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Can you attach an image of the political cartoon? otherwise I can't help :(
