Answer: Because human beings in their natural condition are trapped in competition and struggle with each other, they need a strong, absolute ruler in order to provide security and stability to society.
Details:
Thomas Hobbes published a famous work called <em>Leviathan</em> in 1651. The title "Leviathan" comes from a biblical word for a great and mighty beast. Hobbes believed government is formed by people for the sake of their personal security and stability in society. In Hobbes' view, once the people put a king (or other leader in power), then that leader needs to have supreme power (like a great and mighty beast). Hobbes' view of the natural state of human beings without a government held that people are too divided and too volatile as individuals -- everyone looking out for his own interests. So for security and stability, authority and the power of the law needs to be in the hands of a powerful ruler like a king or queen. And so people willingly enter a "social contract" in which they live under a government that provides stability and security for society.
Probably the most famous set of lines from Hobbes' Leviathan book describes what he saw as the natural state of human affairs without government -- one in which every individual had freedom, but that meant it was a situation of "war of all against all," or we might say, every man for himself. Hobbes wrote:
- <em>In such condition, there is no place for industry; because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving, and removing, such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.</em>
Explanation Answer:
The National Assembly ends feudalism and declares rights for all men. On August 4, 1789, the National Assembly did away with the system called feudalism. This was a system in which poor people were given land by nobles to live on. In return, they had to work the land, pay taxes, and fight in wars for the nobles.
Being a member of the laboring classes made people more prone to criminal behavior. The term slum means. a crowded area with run-down housing and high poverty.
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The Manga Carta (The Great Charter) is the one of most signifigant pieces of histroy. It recongizes 4 basic humans rights:
<span>(1) No taxes may be levied without consent of Parliament
(2) No subject may be imprisoned without cause shown (reaffirmation of the right of habeas corpus)
(3) No soldiers may be quartered upon the citizenry
(4) Martial law may not be used in time of peace.
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These values are still reflected in today's societies and have become the basics of human rights as we know it.
