The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness is a book by Michelle Alexander, a civil rights litigator and legal scholar.
The social inequality produced by mass incarceration is sizable and enduring for three main reasons: it is invisible, it is cumulative, and it is intergenerational. The inequality is invisible in the sense that institutionalized populations commonly lie outside our official accounts of economic well-being.
Absolute poverty is the answer for the first blank
and Relative poverty refers to the second blank as you have it at the end of your question so you would be correct to put it that way (:
I'm not sure what class this is for, but in Psychology this would be considered Naturalistic Observation. Hope this helps :)
The answer is waves erosion which the name of the process which happens when waves repeatedly hit a beach, some of the beach sediment moves down the beach with the current. When the wave hits the swallow water, it also picks up sediments like sand and gravel and is carried forward by the wave.