The correct answer is: Cold War-era competition between the
United States and the Soviet Union
The launch of Sputnik which was the first artificial Earth satellite
launched by Moscow in 1957 sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology
and outer space. This resulted in the creation of NASA and the space race.
Option C, It restricted the power of Black Codes already in force is the right answer.
The Black codes in the united states were the laws that limited the freedom of African Americans. These black codes were passed by the Southern states in 1865 and 1866. Enacted in July 1868, the 14th Amendment in the constitution of America proposed the Citizenship, the Equal Protection and the Due process under the law. This Amendment was an acknowledgement to the problems related to former slaves following the American Civil War. The Equal Protection clause declared that "a state may not refuse any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws".
Patriots wanted independence and were willing to fight for it
World War II expanded African Americans' economic opportunities.
Due to the lack of manpower, since many men were in the front line, and with the country needing to increase its production to maintain the expenses of the war, World War II was a great opportunity for many African American enter the labor market in positions that until then were only obtained by white citizens.
Due to these reasons, from the entry of the United States into the war began the process called "Second Great Migration", by means of which many African American left their agricultural works to move to the northern cities of the country.
At the end of the Second Great Migration, African-Americans constituted a strongly urbanized group. More than 80% lived in cities and only 53% remained in the southern states of the USA, while 40% lived in the Northeast and the Great Lakes area and 7% in the West.
Although African Americans were offered jobs in the auxiliary industry during World War II they were often dangerous positions.
