The gametophyte of a liverwort produces sperm in a structure called <span>antheridium.
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An antheridium<span> or antherida (plural: </span>antheridia<span>) is a </span>haploid<span> structure or organ producing and containing male </span>gametes<span> which is called </span>antherozoids<span> or </span>sperm<span>.</span>
I believe, for the artery, they have, an open, circular lumen an a thick media
Veins on the other hand, have somewhat collapsed lumen and a thinner media. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood out of the heart to other parts of the body, all arteries carry oxygenated blood except the pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. Veins carry blood from other body parts to the heart, all veins carry deoxygenated blood except the pulmonary vein which caries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
The cell reaches equilibrium in a hypertonic solution by removing water from it so that the two concentrations are isotonic, in a hypotonic solution the water will move into the cell and in an isotonic solution the water will not move anywhere anymore. Both cells have the same solute concentration.
<h3>How do these equilibrium processes occur?</h3>
The hypertonic solution is the one that has a solute concentration greater than that of the cell, so in order to reach the same concentration, the water in the cell will leave to equal the solute concentration in the cell. The hypotonic solution, on the other hand, is the one that has a lower solute concentration than the cell, so the water will enter the cell to have the same concentration.
Finally in the isotonic solution nothing will happen, since both inside the cell and in the solution itself there will be the same concentration of solute, so no concentration has to be equalized.
Therefore, we can confirm that the cell reaches equilibrium in a hypertonic solution by removing water from it so that the two concentrations are isotonic, in a hypotonic solution the water will move into the cell and in an isotonic solution the water will not move anywhere anymore. Both cells have the same solute concentration.
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