Im quite sure that the answer is C). because i dont know of too many creatures that burrow under water besides stingrays.
If it is the first time that this pathogen comes into contact with the immune system, IgM antibodies are produced, which are the first type of antibodies produced against a certain microorganism.
Immunoglobulins are molecules that intervene in defense processes against microorganisms and infections.
- Each type of immunoglobulin is specific against a certain antigen, this is what allows an immunological memory to exist, which is obtained when coming into contact for the first time with a certain microorganism.
- IgM is the first immunoglobulin synthesized by the neonate by itself, and it is also the first to appear during the primary response, which lasts an average of three weeks and then disappears.
- In general, the production of IgM antibodies precedes that of IgG, the concentration of antibodies can be high, plateau for a few days and then decrease rapidly.
Therefore, we can conclude that when the immune system first comes into contact with an antigen, a primary response occurs; mediated by IgM antibodies.
Learn more about IgM antibodies here: brainly.com/question/13022267
Answer:
C.It accelerates the production of a second messenger.
Explanation:
Adenylyl cyclase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a second messenger that activates the protein kinase A (PK-A) protein by dissociation of its regulatory subunit from the catalytic subunit. The first step of the epinephrine signaling pathway consists of the hormone binding to the epinephrine receptor localized on the cell surface. This binding activates a G protein inside the cell, which in turn activates the adenylyl cyclase enzyme. Subsequently, adenylyl cyclase converts ATP molecules into cAMP molecules. Since cAMP transports the message of the epinephrine hormone within the cell this molecule (cAMP) is considered to be a second messenger. Finally, cAMP activates the PK-A enzyme which phosphorylates different proteins and thus triggers different biological processes.
Answer:
Allergy
Explanation:
Allergy occurs when the body system reacts to the introduction of a foreign substance. The immune system plays an important role in the elimination of substances that are capable of causing harm to the body, substances that trigger an allergic reaction in the body is known as allergen.
When an allergen is introduced into the body, the immune system views it as an intruder that is capable of destroying various tissues and cells. It therefore manufactures antibodies to fight off the intruders thereby resulting in an allergic reaction.
Medications such as antibiotics can cause allergic reactions such as itching and swelling of the skin.
Darwin evolution theroy is first . He was found since 1566
