A central idea is a main point that the author is making aka a main idea or a key idea. In other words, a central idea is what the article is mostly about. You can think of a central idea as a thesis statement: one sentence that states what the article is about. A text could have more than one central idea.
It is a COMPOUND SENTENCE as it is made up of two independent clause (a clause has a subject an a predicate and it does not need the other clause in order to convey meaning). This independent clauses are joined by the coordinating conjuction “and”.
The authors only writes that if people help out more, the issue will go away. It gives no support and doesn't go into further details about how or why this supposed help will fix our problems.
