Fish breathe by drawing water in their mouths and forcing it out of the body via a number of gill slits. The gill slits are rich in blood vessels, enabling the direct absorption of oxygen. While all fish have gills, some fish are also able to extract oxygen from the air via gulping.
Most fish have swim bladders that are permanently sealed, but other fish have swim bladders that can hold varying amounts of air. Salmon have open swim bladders, and they must gulp air at the surface to keep them full. Some fish, such as sharks, lack swim bladders entirely. This causes them to sink if they do not maintain forward motion.
Fish have fins that are adapted to their lifestyle. Some have evolved into long, barbed structures, suitable for defense. Other fish have fins suited for achieving great speed or for walking along the bottom of the ocean.
-Crossing over occurs between prophase 1 and metaphase 1 and is the process where homologous chromosomes pair up with each other and exchange different segments of their genetic material to form recombinant chromosomes. It can also happen during mitotic division, which may result in loss of heterozygosity.
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atmospheric pressure and winds (I’m pretty sure)
Answer:
Evergreens are plants that maintain their leaves in all seasons and include trees such as pine, cedar, and mango. 2. Deciduous trees lose their leaves seasonally and include trees such as elm and maple. 3. Hardwoods reproduce using flowers and have broad leaves: hardwoods include trees such as maple, elm, and mango. 4. Conifer leaves are generally thin and needle-like, while seeds are contained in cones. Conifers include pine and cedar.
Explanation:
- Evergreens plants: These plants keep the foliage the year. They change leaves during their whole life, but the frequency in which they change them is not the same as the deciduous plants, and this event does not coincide with any season in particular. They do not need to lose leaves during unfavorable seasons. These species develop different strategies and adaptations to go through unfavorable weather conditions. They have special leaves to avoid water loss or freezing, some of them are thin and needle-like shaped, or might be covered with wax or fuzz. Example: Pine, cedar.
- Deciduous plants: During autumn and winter, deciduous trees from temperate forests need to store different nutrients that will be used for the plant growth during the following spring. Storaging nutrients in leaves require too much energy and constant photosynthetic activity, which might be very difficult for the plant to support during these colder seasons. To confront this situation, these species have developed some strategies such as leaves senescence. The tree stops supplying water and nutrients to the leaves, so these last ones stop producing chlorophyll. When this molecule is completely lost, other pigments that were masked by chlorophyll, show up. Before senescence occurs, pigments such as carotenoid, anthocyanin, or pheophytin reveal yellow, orange, red, purple, and brown tones, which are the characteristic autumn colors. Example: maple and elm
- Angiosperm characterize for their reproductive strategy, producing flowers and fruits, and dispersing by their seeds. These last ones are located in an ovary (in the fruit). These species attract pollinizers through the flower characteristics and reward and attract animals with their fruits, guaranteeing seeds dispersion. Example: maple and mango
- Gymnosperm does not develop flowers nor fruits. They have naked seeds on the surface of scams or leaves. Seeds frequently develop in pine cones, which are specialized branches. Example: Pine, cedar
- Conifer belongs to the Gymnosperm.
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in phagocytosis, the cell membrane surrounds the particle and engulfs it. ( credit: Mariana Ruiz Villareal) Phagocytosis (the condition of “cell eating”) is the process by which large particles, such as cells or relatively large particles, are taken in by a cell.
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