Being or used to produce an organism or cell of one species into which one or more genes of another species have been incorporated
Extraction, homogenization, and centrifugation are the three processes in cell fractionation.
Cell fractionation is a method for dividing cellular components while yet maintaining each component's unique functionality. This technique was initially applied to show where distinct biochemical activities are located within cells. Subcellular fractionation is also used to help with illness detection and to offer an enhanced source of protein for further purification. To prevent osmotic damage, tissue is routinely homogenized in an isotonic buffer solution. Grinding, mincing, chopping, pressure changes, osmotic shock, freeze-thawing, and ultrasonic waves are a few of the mechanisms for homogenization. After that, the samples are maintained cool to avoid enzymatic deterioration. It is the development of a uniform mass of cells (cell homogenate or cell suspension).
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Answer:
Microscope
Explanation:
The discovery of cells arose from the development of the microscope: Robert Hooke first used the term “cell” following his observations of a piece of cork with a simple light microscope in 1665
Answer:
Plants have a cell wall
Explanation:
GMO modification is different for plants and animals <u>because plant cells have cell walls, unlike animal cells. </u>
<em>GMO refers to genetically modified organisms - a technique that involves the introduction of foreign genes into the genome of organisms.</em>
GMO modification requires that the genome of a cell is accessed by a foreign gene and in order to do this, the membrane of the cell has to be disrupted to gain entrance by the gene. Animal cells do not have cell walls, and thus, can be accessed directly relevant mechanisms. Plant cells, however, have cell walls and as such, no direct access to the cell membrane can be achieved without having to remove the cell wall first.
Thus, the cell wall is a major factor that makes GMO modification to be different for plants and animals.
Question-
Which seismic waves are felt first at a seismic station
Answer-
Seismic waves are the waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within the earth or an explosion. They are the energy that travels through the earth and is recorded on seismographs.
There are several different kinds of seismic waves, and they all move in different ways. The two main types of waves are body waves and surface waves. Body waves can travel through the earth's inner layers, but surface waves can only move along the surface of the planet like ripples on water. Earthquakes radiate seismic energy as both body and surface waves.
BODY WAVES
Traveling through the interior of the earth, body waves arrive before the surface waves emitted by an earthquake. These waves are of a higher frequency than surface waves.
P WAVES
The first kind of body wave is the P wave or primary wave. This is the fastest kind of seismic wave, and, consequently, the first to 'arrive' at a seismic station. The P wave can move through solid rock and fluids, like water or the liquid layers of the earth. It pushes and pulls the rock it moves through just like sound waves push and pull the air. Have you ever heard a big clap of thunder and heard the windows rattle at the same time? The windows rattle because the sound waves were pushing and pulling on the window glass much like P waves push and pull on rock. Sometimes animals can hear the P waves of an earthquake. Dogs, for instance, commonly begin barking hysterically just before an earthquake 'hits' (or more specifically, before the surface waves arrive). Usually people can only feel the bump and rattle of these waves.
P waves are also known as compressional waves, because of the pushing and pulling they do. Subjected to a P wave, particles move in the same direction that the the wave is moving in, which is the direction that the energy is traveling in, and is sometimes called the 'direction of wave propagation'. Click here to see a P wave in action.
