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maks197457 [2]
2 years ago
7

Based on the cartoon, how would say schools viewed the No Child Left Behind mandate

History
1 answer:
valentinak56 [21]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

No Child Left Behind (NCLB), in full No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, U.S. federal law aimed at improving public primary and secondary schools, and thus student performance, via increased accountability for schools, school districts, and states. The act was passed by Congress with bipartisan support in December 2001 and signed into law by Pres. George W. Bush in January 2002. NCLB introduced significant changes in the curriculum of public primary and secondary schools in the United States and dramatically increased federal regulation of state school systems. Under the law, states were required to administer yearly tests of the reading and mathematics skills of public school students and to demonstrate adequate progress toward raising the scores of all students to a level defined as “proficient” or higher by 2014. Teachers were also required to meet higher standards for certification. Schools that failed to meet their goals would be subject to gradually increasing sanctions, eventually including replacement of staff or closure. Supporters of NCLB cited its initial success in increasing the test scores of minority students, who historically performed at lower levels than white students. Indeed, Bush in the 2000 presidential campaign had touted the proposed law as a remedy for what he called “the soft bigotry of low expectations” faced by the children of minorities. Critics, however, complained that the federal government was not providing enough funding to implement the law’s requirements and that it had usurped the states’ traditional control of education as provided for in the Constitution. Moreover, they charged that the law was actually eroding the quality of education by forcing schools to “teach to the test” or to lower standards of proficiency while neglecting other parts of the curriculum, such as history, social science, and art. Following unsuccessful efforts in Congress to remove the 2014 proficiency deadline from NCLB, the Barack Obama administration accepted applications for waivers of the deadline in 2011. The following year waivers were granted to states that had reformed their academic standards and established plans for improving poorly performing schools and for evaluating the effectiveness of teachers and principals. In 2015 Obama signed into law the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), which rescinded several of the most-unpopular provisions of NCLB. Under the new law, for example, states were still required to administer standardized federal tests but had greater latitude in determining how and when such tests would be given. States were also permitted to include other measures of student and school performance in their accountability systems within broad federal guidelines. ESSA encouraged, but did not require, states to develop their own teacher-evaluation systems and eliminated NCLB’s requirement that teachers in core subjects be “highly qualified.” It also permitted school districts to design their own remedies for improving poorly performing schools with technical assistance from the states.

George W. Bush: Education ...Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act, which introduced significant changes in the curriculum of the country’s public elementary, middle, and high schools and dramatically increased federal regulation of state school systems. Under the law, states were required to administer yearly tests of the reading and mathematics…

John A. Boehner.

John Boehner: House of Representatives: majority leader and minority leader

…he helped to introduce the No Child Left Behind Act, which was intended to bring accountability to public schools by requiring more standardized testing and by giving students at failing schools the option of attending other schools. Bush signed the act into law in January 2002. Boehner also introduced the…

Deborah Meier

Bush’s No Child Left Behind policies. Her findings and those of other critics were published in a book she edited with George Wood: Many Children Left Behind: How the No Child Left Behind Act Is Damaging Our Children and Our Schools (2004). Meier later was on

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2 years ago
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Serjik [45]

Answer:

See below.

Explanation:

One is determined by the other. Civic action, from the 50's through the 60's, which was often meant with acts of extreme violence, led to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. So they are linked and one is dependent on the other.

Given that it is very difficult to isolate any one as being more or less effective than another. Civil rights action was targeted to be as effective as possible economically and politically. Leaders such as Martin Luther King emphasized the need for peaceful means of protest. So pressure group activity such as marches, demonstrations and lobbying politicians was combined with economic boycotts which hit the white economy in the south.

The greater the media coverage and outrage at the continued abuse of civil rights then the greater the pressure on the federal government to pass appropriate legislation. So how successful ahs this legislation been?

The Civil Rights Act in 1964 was followed by the Voting Rights Act in 1965, outlawing discriminatory practices in voting which was still commonplace in the south.

Passing legislation is one thing but making it effective is another. Minority groups have had to continue to fight in the courts to overcome discrimination and harassment. In 2000 the Presidential election came down to a few voting wards in Florida. Those primarily African-American suffered disenfranchisement, Chad machines that didn't work and road blocks. This, in effect, put Bush Jnr in the White House.

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3 years ago
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