Answer:
By charging the war leaders with war crimes.
Explanation:
The basis of the Nuremberg trials were the violation of the
1. Geneva Convention of 1864
2. Hague Convention 1899-1907
the rules for conduct of war were set by these conventions.
Some of the charges were:
1. crimes against peace
2. Planning, initiating, and waging wars of aggression
3. War crimes.
4. Crimes against humanity.
The trials brought the Holocaust to an end with the trial of 21 german leaders, 12 of them were sentenced to death, 7 to life in prison, 3 received temporary prison sentence.
There have always been conflicts between individual rights and national security interests in democracies. Limits on civil liberties during wartime, including restrictions on free speech, public assembly, and mass detentions, have been the most serious threats to individual freedom. Even in peacetime, counter-terrorist measures including profiling, detention, and exclusion, along with the use of national identification cards, have raised concerns about racism, constitutional violations, and the loss of privacy. With the passage of new anti-terrorist laws after September 11, 2001, these tensions have increased. Supporters of broader governmental powers insist that they are part of the increased security measures necessary to safeguard national security. In contrast, many civil rights groups fear that the infringement upon individual rights is another step in the erosion of democratic civil society.
Wartime measures. The severest restrictions on civil liberties have occurred in times of war. In September 1862, during the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865) suspended the right of habeas corpus in order to allow federal authorities to arrest and detain suspected Confederate sympathizers without arrest warrants or speedy trials. Well aware of the drastic nature of such a step, Lincoln justified it as a necessary wartime measure. After the United States Supreme Court found Lincoln's abrogation of habeas corpus an unconstitutional intrusion on Congressional authority, Congress itself ratified the measure by passing the Habeas Corpus Act in September 1863. Through 1864, about 14,000 people were arrested under the act; about one in seven were detained at length in federal prisons, most on allegations of offering aid to the Confederacy but others on corruption and fraud charges.
Read more: http://www.faqs.org/espionage/In-Int/Intelligence-and-Democracy-Issues-and-Conflicts.html#ixzz4XX37pHRv
Populism was important because it had a non-class outlook.
I'm no expert on this, but I would say conquoring other lands and kingdoms. Going into battles and winning. Taking over cities, and stealing their items. They were very powerful back then, and demanded respect.
~Silver
