Answer:
a. inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase, the enzyme that converts cAMP to AMP.
Explanation:
The phosphodiesterases are a group of enzymes that are capable of breaking phosphodiester bonds such as those between nucleotides in nucleic acids. The Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger involved in intracellular signaling pathways. This molecule (cAMP) is hydrolyzed by the cAMP-dependent phosphodiesterase, which catalyzes the enzymatic breakdown of phosphodiester bonds (i.e., hydrolyzing cAMP to 5-AMP). The cAMP levels are modulated by the balance between its generation and the degradation via cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase.
<span>An insulin receptor is a neurotransmitter that is activated by the presence of insulin. This receptor is usually represented by the abbreviation (IR),</span>
Decomposers break down dead organisms and other organic wastes and release inorganic molecules back to the environment. Food chains and food webs are diagrams that represent feeding relationships. They model how energy and matter move through ecosystems
Answer:
pioneer species
Explanation:
Primary succession begins in barren areas, such as on bare rock exposed by a retreating glacier. The first inhabitants are lichens or plants—those that can survive in such an environment. Over hundreds of years these “pioneer species” convert the rock into soil that can support plants.
Answer:
Codominant alleles or Incomplete dominance.
In codominance, the results are mixed, and both show. Incomplete dominance is when the results blend (red + white flower = pink flower)
