Answer:
The answer is A. Stimulus generalization.
Explanation:
Stimulus generalization occurs when the conditioned response the a specific stimulis is also presented with other similar stimulus. In the passage, the stimulus was <u>orange</u> juice, but it generalised to <u>grape</u> juice.
In a famous experiment by behaviourist John B. Watson, a child who was conditioned to fear <u>a white rat</u> also showed fear when in front of similar objects, such as <u>a fur coat or a rabbit</u>.
I believe the answer is: what is ethical depends on one's cultural perspective
Cultural value that a certain society had would determine the things that considered to be right and the things that considered to be wrong by that society.
Different cultures would mean that the standard of what considered as right or wrong might be different. It is important for business person to study the foreign culture before initiating gesture like this in order to avoid offending the people from other cultures.
Based on the given scenario above which describes about a certain bird specie and that their beak sizes makes a difference in survival, this would be considered as an example of NATURAL SELECTION. This is based on Charles Darwin's study. Hope this answers your question.