Answer:
Photosynthetic lamellae
Explanation:
The cyanobacteria were the first successful photosynthetic cells present on the Earth which were able to convert the light energy into the chemical energy.
The endosymbiosis theory suggested that these cyanobacteria were engulfed by the eukaryotes and the cyanobacteria get transformed into the chloroplast.
The region of the chloroplast that was formed in the cyanobacteria before the endosymbiosis happened was the photosynthetic lamellae which contained the chlorophyll molecule and thus is the correct answer.
Thus, Photosynthetic lamellae are the correct answer.
Answer:
d. Oxidative
Explanation:
Oxidative phosphorylation is the main type of phosphorylation that occurs in mitochondria of all aerobic type organisms.
Answer:
When a muscle cell contracts, the myosin heads each produce a single power stroke.
Explanation:
In rest, attraction strengths between myosin and actin filaments are inhibited by the tropomyosin. When the muscle fiber membrane depolarizes, the action potential caused by this depolarization enters the t-tubules depolarizing the inner portion of the muscle fiber. This activates calcium channels in the T tubules membrane and releases calcium into the sarcolemma. At this point, <em>tropomyosin is obstructing binding sites for myosin on the thin filament</em>. When calcium binds to the troponin C, the troponin T alters the tropomyosin by moving it and then unblocks the binding sites. Myosin heads bind to the uncovered actin-binding sites forming cross-bridges, and while doing it ATP is transformed into ADP and inorganic phosphate which is liberated. Myofilaments slide impulsed by chemical energy collected in myosin heads, <u>producing a power stroke</u>. The power stroke initiates when the myosin cross-bridge binds to actin. As they slide, ADP molecules are released. A new ATP links to myosin heads and breaks the bindings to the actin filament. Then ATP splits into ADP and phosphate, and the energy produced is accumulated in the myosin heads, which starts a new binding cycle to actin. Z-bands are then pulled toward each other, thus shortening the sarcomere and the I-band, and producing muscle fiber contraction.
The sum of all the genes in a population is referred to as the gene pool.