Answer:
For example, you could move all of the notes of the leitmotif up three semitones, or up four notes in that scale, or by a pitch interval of two. The point is that every note is changed in the same way, so the relationship between them is the same. The basic melody is still there, but it sounds different.
Explanation:
I'm pretty sure its Sonata-allegro or the theme and variations. Sorry if this doesn't help :(
Quick, high-tempo, forte, staccato, squeaking, high-pitched, pulsing, etc.
