They were treated as slaves. Meaning they were beat, forced to dirty work and even killed.
The answer to your question is mercantilism. After the Renaissance, mercantilism was the economic policy of the new nations. This economic system was widely used in Europe in the fifteen hundreds and sixteen hundreds which favored equal trading of imports and exports. The national wealth was measured based by the amount of gold and silver.
To decrease inventory answer is a
The English civil war led to the rise of parliament. Hope this helps!